Whether you’re finding watermelon in the tombs of ancient pharaohs or piled on picnic tables, one thing is for sure: the summer staple is here to stay.
The first traces of watermelon were found in sub-Saharan Africa, dating to roughly 5,000 years ago. The scrambling, trailing vine bore unappetizing fruit, often bitter or bland. Varieties of the flowering plant spread across northeast Africa, and were eventually cultivated in Egypt in the Nile valley around 2000 B.C. Hieroglyphs of harvesting activity can be found in Egyptian tombs dating to the Twelfth Dynasty in Egypt, and the seeds of ancient strains of watermelon have been found in the tombs of pharaohs, including the famous Tutankhamun – indications that the fruit was even given as a gift to royalty in the afterlife.
The original watermelons were far from the same delectable fruit we think of today, but it was the Egyptians who began selectively breeding watermelon to achieve its palatable flavor. Beyond just tasting good, the Egyptians discovered other advantages to watermelon. True to its modern name, the juicy flesh of the fruit was able to store substantial amounts of water and had a long lasting “shelf life” compared to other fruits. The watermelon was cherished during the dry season for these reasons.
The watermelon later could be found in Europe, where it thrived in areas such as the Mediterranean. Later it was grown in India, China and eventually brought to America by European colonists. As both a natural canteen and desirable fruit, the watermelon made for a popular trade item and useful cargo on long voyages.
Watermelon now takes on many different shapes, sizes and colors. Today, there are over 1,200 different varieties of watermelon, and these newbies can have different colored rind and flesh, various sugar contents and range in size from a “personal melon” to 200-pound village feeding fruit.
To keep things simple, there are four basic types: seedless, picnic, icebox and yellow/orange. The more uncommon features are found in the icebox and yellow/orange varieties. The icebox watermelon is basically individual, seedless and picnic watermelons. The ‘baby’ varieties are 5-15 pounds, and can often fit in the palm of your hand. The yellow/orange watermelons refer to the color of the inner flesh of the melon.
Watermelon has been a popular fruit throughout history, and in all that time people have found endless ways to enjoy it. Today, you’ll find everything from grilled watermelon pizza to watermelon granite, watermelon jerky to pickled rinds — you have not seen it all when it comes to watermelon. Whether you enjoy your watermelon in classic triangle pieces or with feta and blackberries on a skewer, it will continue to be a quintessential slice of summer.
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